Gas and liquid mixer.



E. P. NOYES. GAS AND LIQUID MIXER. APPLIoATIoN FILEDJUM: zu, 190e.

Patented May 23, 1911.

' Y. Villustrate A the EDWARD r. Norris, orwrNoHEs'rEn,

MENrs;..ao c. P arownn coMPANY, NEW JERSEY.'

To all 'whom 'it may concern.: 'i

Beit known that I, EDWARD P. Noyes, a citizen vof the United. States, residing 'at ,"Winchester, in the county of .Middlesex land State of Massachusetts, have invented cer-I '.tain new and useful Improvements in Gas and Liquid Mixers, of which the'fellowing specification' and accompanying drawings invention in' a form which I now regard 'as' the best' out of the'various forms'i'n whichitl may be embodied.

lThis invention relates to devices, such as suction carbureters', for mixing a gaseous.

fluid and aliq'uid spray or vapor, and one of its objects is to exercise control over the density of the mixture;

' itsingredients ina constant or combustible ratio throughout4 the ord1nary throttling range of the motor,

current;

` a terior valve which fuelf reservoir7 represents a from a` point'in the airpipe anterior to the ,mixing-chamber. This object I attain by substituting for the usual posterior or .Inlxture-thrott ing valve, an l controls the air-supply to themixin'g-chamber, andby the'further provision of means adjustable Yatzwill for automatically maintaining a working preponderance of air pressure `in the fuel reservoir at` all degrees of mixing-chamber Vacuum.

A further VObjectis to attain increased uniformity inthe composition of the mixture atvarying speeds of the air or other gaseous .and 'tlis object mayv be carried out as hereinafter described by making the anterior throttle-valve automatically respon-l sive xto thevaryin volumes of air iow, establishing a secondary air iiow'throughthe terconnecting the devices for controlling the res ective valves..

(gf the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 vertical sectionof a carbureter or other mixer constructed in accordance with my invention., ;Fig. 2 represents a'simil lar view showing a modification.

ingsland considerlng ,for purposes ofe'xplanation`-that .the device is -a suction carbu- J reter, 10 represents 4a casing having an inflet-passage ,11 leading from the atmosphere,

Spec'ication of Letters Patent. Application led .Tunel 29, 1906; Ser1a1.No.'324,004

while maintainingv I controlling this secondary .flow bymeanspf a valve automatically responsive to the volumeV of. said flow, and in.

MASSACHUSETTS, AssIGNon, BY Muslim Assicm or lagawnnr.,` NEW JniasEY, n congnn'rrouor GAS ANDALIQAUID MIXER.

Patented May l23, 12511".

and an outlet-.passage 12 leading'to the engine and openingl from a carbureting hor mixing chamber 13. 14 is an initial-pressure or atmospheric air-inlet chamber into which the inlet-'passage 11 opens, and'15, Iis a. main air-valve here shown of conicalv shape seating downwardly in a partition 165 andcontrolli-ng an opening which connectsl the chambers 14 and 13. Thisvalve has a hollow'stem 17 attached to a flexible septum or diaphragm 18 which separates the cham-` ber ltjbelow it. from-a terminal-pressure chamber 19 aboveythelinterior of the lat- -ter .communicating with mixing-chamber 134 through. the interior` of valve-stein 17. Therefore when suction creates a partial vacuum in chamber 13 the air in chamber 19 above `chamber 13 becomes rarefied and the diaphragm tends Vto rise and .open 'valve 15.

A 'spring 2Q 'pressing downwardly on the diaphragml and coperating with the weight of the parts, aidsthe terminal pressure yand tends to, create'a choke upon the' air 'cur rent owing past Valve15. A nut 21 which slides vertically but cannot rotate Yreceives' 'the upward-thrust of spring 20 and engages a thread 44 upon arotary adjusting-stem 22. The latter fits a* bearing in the to of the casing and carries a small handw eel 23 on'its upper end for rotating itand thus adjusting the jtenjsion -of spring 20. Any increase oftension in the spring will tend to increase the choke or throttleof the air current by' valve l5, and vice versa, andthis capability would, if desired, enable the valve 15 to take the place ofthe usual throttle valve in the outlet mixture passage 12.

In the lower part of. the casing4 is'the liquid-fuel. or Heat-chamber 24: adapted t containv a pool of liquid fuel'as shown, and having a liquid-inlet at 25 controlled by a valve `26 which i's as usual operated by a fioat 27, so that normally'a constant level of liquid is maintained in the float-chamber. Thischamber also has an air-inlet 28- controlled by a small hand-valve' 29. The fueloutlet-'from chamber'24, is byfway -of a' fixed l The same reference characters indicate the same parts in both views'.y L

stand-pipe 30 open at its lower end to receive the fuel and havingat its upper end a spraynozzle 3 1 witha series of. small vspray-apen'V tures 32 leading into the mixing-chamber 13. This nofzzle is tapered and constitutes avalve-seat coperating with a movable auxiliary air-valve 33 formed in the hub of a I flexible septumor diaphragm 34which sepa,l rates mixing-chamber 13 from p the fuel# chamber 24. l

, The hub-piece of the diaphragm 34 is attachedto the lower end of a rod 35 bearing a screw-thread 36 with which is engaged a nut 37 sliding in the forked lower end of the adjusting-stem 22 and held from rota tion with respect thereto. The rod 35 also has a squared upper end 38 having a sliding but non-rotating fit in a nut 39 which engages. an interior thread in the lower end of a spindle 40. At 41 is a shoulder on this spindle forming a joint with a seat on the spindle 22 and held againstr its seat by a strong spring 42 interposed between', vthe upper ends of the vstem 22 and spindle 40. Between the nuts 37 and 39 is interposed a spring 43 which furnishes a downward pressure on rod 35 and diaphragm 34 in aid of the terminal pressure in the mixing-chamber 13, whereby the valve 33 tends to close upon the seat 31`and choke the air flowing into v chamber 13 from` chamber 24. The thread 36 upon which nut 37 travelsis a right-hand thread while the thread 44 upon which nut 21 travels is a left-hand thread. Therefore by a rotation of spindle 22 which would de-` press nut 21 and increase the pressure of spring 20 the nut 37 is likewise depressed and the pressure of spring 43 decreased, and vice versa. This affords a reciprocal adjustment ofthe two springs. Independent adjustment of the spring 43 is obtained by rotating spindle 40, which raises or lowers the non-rotatable nut 39.

By sliding the stem 22 downwardly in its bearing within the top-piece ofthe casing, against the resistance of a spring 45, the tension of springs 20 and 43 will be simultaneously increased, which is the converse of the reciprocal adjustment just mentioned.l

In the operation of this form of my in- .45' vention, when there is no suction from the engine, both airvalves 15 and 33 are closed and atmospheric pressure exists in all the kLchambers. When the engine draws and creates a partial vacuum in' theV mixing.

feo

chamber 13 the air-will become partially exf hausted in: chamber 19 abovethe diaphragm '18 and -the atmospheric` pressure below the u e ydi,aphragm will lift valve lagainst the ten-f sion loffspring 2() because the areaof said p .ldyiaphragm is greater than the area of valve 15.-.-v .Inother'words the greater area of the diaphragm enables it to 'assume control vof the valve'and predominates over the influence of uid pressures upon the valve.

Solvong as theris an airflow to the engine andthe tensionA of spring 20 remains fixed, the valve 15 imposes an arbitrary and substantially constant drop in air pressure between the vchambers 14 and 13, so that since the atmospheric pressure in the inlet 11 is constantgthe terminal pressure in chamber pressure in chamber 13 being more nearly -34 in Fig. 1.

maintaining. a constant pressure drop, is

' opening and closing according to whatever the volume-requirement may be. If the suction of the engine increases and tends to create an increased vacuum in the mixingchainber 13 the valve 15 will open wider andv admit more air 4past it to satisfy this increased vacuum and if the suction decreases, valve 15 will movev toward its seat and admit a smaller quantity of air. The terminal constant than it would be without the diifery ential'valve15, there will be atendency to deliver fixed quantities of fuel from the nozzle 31 per volume of air, the aspirating effect of the air current on the fuel being, by reason of the ,substantiallyv constant vacuum, more nearly proportionate to the velocity of the air in the'fuel-entrainir1g passage than ,would be the4 case without this differential valve. The motive airpressure in the float-chamber 24,acting upon the surface of the gasolene is, by reason of theA choke in the air passage 28, maintained-at a slight reduction from the atmospheric pressure but somewhat in excess of the terminal pressure in chamber 13, the amount of this air choke at 28 being regulated by adjusting valve l29. The fuel accordingly tends to rise in pipe 30 and. stand at` or near the level of the orices 32' ready to be swept olf and mixed with the 100 current of air issuing past the valve 15, upon the well-known atomizer` principle. I in"-v troduce, however, a slight additional atomiz-, ing action which is effected by the small volume of air chamber 24. y

By the exercise of mechanical skill, the construction may be made such that the fuel stands normally more nearly at the level .o f the nozzle 31 than ishere shown, this being --110 a feature common in carbureters, and such change` is specially applicable to the form of myinvention shown -in Fig. 2 and hereinaft'er more fully described, where a fixed partition 46 takes the place of diaphragm 115 With a'free air-opening between chambers 24 and 13, there would be no substantial pressure difference between these chambers, hence the primary purpose of the air-choke between the valve seat of nozzle 31 and the movable valve 33 is to produce a motive pressure lupon the surface of the fuel in chamber 24 ,additional to the impulse made effective by the mere entrainment or aspiration of fuel incidental to the passage of vthe air current across the-gasolene-nozzle.orice in the mixing chamber, the said additional motive pressure causing the fuel to rise more positively and'controllablyin pipe 13.0

passing the orifices 32 from 105 y' motive pressure. 'v

spring 20, without tion .includes the .en iplol pressure device, is 1 30. As the natural level of the fuel, by suitably xing the. float and the height to-that nozzl, this motive like proporti n ment is within the control of the operator either b regulating .the push of spring 43 a combina- My inven ment of either' or tion of these twol adjustments.

both-ofthese means. may be substituted for the speci mentalities here shown for regulating The primary purpose of c instruber 24. automatically adjustable, by means of a diaphragm .34 lor similar differential- If the sure in the float chamber 24, there would -be a relatively increased fuel flow from nozzle.

V31 at the time when a relatively decreased the push allowing a wider openin How should be occurring,to correspond with theyrelativel decreased quantitygof air. Hence, in or er to balance matters, thefpush 'of spring 43 is decreased by the 'same ad'- justment-movementy as that' which increases f spring 20, namelybythe rotation of stem 22 so as to depress'both nuts 21 and 37 at the same time. The rdecreased push of spring 43 diminishes the pressuredifference betweenchambers 24 and 13 by and less air-choke between the valve-seat o valvel3j3.

Obviously,

opening at the main air entrance to the mix- 'ingchamber 13,-,,as could be substantially ber 13 would then tend to vary with the varying speed and suction of the engine. If

vacuum in chamber furthermorethe downward spring pressure of spring 43 were `removed from diaphragm 34there would still remain an automatic compensating action. In consequence of the choking of `the air inlet at 28, the vacuum in chamber 24 would be free to follow the 13, and more nearly, be-v causey of the ldiminution of' downward mechanical force upon partition 34 in consequence of the freeing of spring 43. I thus obtain a uniformity of mixture at diiferent speeds of air-current, equivalent to that obtained by the use of an auxiliary or secondary air-entrance valve supplying additional air to the exit passageof the mixing chamber, but without such valves or any moving parts in the sense ordinarily understood; for it will be seen that the disabling fthese'fdia hrag'm's'orl fr wa11saa-rassises@we 'the varying vacuum f. .inf.`c complish the desiredegulaton. 'Such omisarious e uivalents4 -the conditions met this to have this air-choke. vary in correspondence with variations inl -the main air-choke at valve 15.' yvacuum in mixing-chamber 13 were in creased, as vby augmentingfthe. push.- of

changingthe motive .presf nozzle 31 and the.

if a fixed opening were sub? stituted; for an automatically adjustable.

of .thevdiapliifa'gms v18 and34', by means of I the adjustments provided inthe mechanism,l of the jet-nozzle, isA caused to reside nearer pressure may in" be modified, and its adjust-f amounts, practically, to,v .the'omission of and to allowing amber 24, to acsion might be desirable under some circumstances', although the 'functions '-performed l byf'these diaphragms lend an additional deli'- cacy .to the control the mixture under all with in practice. -vReverting now,

will be seen that by depressing the stem v22 axially against the spring 45 the pressure'of j both sprin s 20 and 43 1s increased, and .this would ten to increase the motive force upon the gasdlene 1n chamber 24 at the same timqfff i 8 that the throttling of the air by. valve 15-`-1s1-- increased, thereby varying the proportions 'of the mixture, which may be desired i momentarily or for a period of time under certain conditions. y

In Fig. 2 I have shown a modification'in which a fixed partition 46 is substituted in to the condition where', both diaphragms 18 and 34 are'operative, it'f'j' making this air-choke at the outlet of chaml the position ofthediaphragm 34 in Fig. A1 and dia hragm 134 is made the bottom wall of the oat-chamber 24. Intermediateair pressure in chamber 24now presses downwardly-on diaphragm 34 and the-terminal pressure of chamber ber 47 underneath the diaphragm through a hollow tube 48 which connects the d-1aphragm` with `the air-valve rand spraynozzle 31. Fuel is carried tothe orifices 32 13 is carried to a. chamthrough a tube 54 surrounding 48 and de,

pending' from the valve.` On the upper por tion of a y,c'entral rod49 is screwed the nut 21 for adjusting the tension 'of spring 2O and on the lower end of said' rod` isr screwed the 43. -The upper, nut 21 is heldirom rotating as in Fig-1, and the lower nut 39 isfnormally held from rotating .by a forked-ade' juster 50 having an'ext'ernal knob 51 for, rotating it'. lThus by rotating 49 and 50 in the same direction, the tension of spring 2O can be adjusted independently of `spring'43, and by rotatingmember 50 alone, the tension of spring 43 is adjusted independently of sprin 20. Normally however the increase o tension on spring 2O is accompa nied by a decrease of tension on spr-ing43 and vice versa, just as in the vcase of Fig. 1. 4For this purpose the twoy threads on stem y49 in Fig. 2 areright-hand. Depression of nut 39 foradjusting the ,tension of spring iio iso

v 'axial slidingI motionofthe rod in Fi .i 2

alr pipe connected with axial movement, and

I movement of f' spring. 42)--and Accordingly the differentialv vpressure on out substantial' variation 'of mixture. v

Either fof thel described forms of iny` mixer may be operated under y super-atmospheric f' pressure whichL can'` 'be effected by simply placing the carbureterxin a compressed-air or gas-line Whichfmig'ht lead to an explosive engine,0r a constant-pressure burner, or other locality, and'connecting inf let 53 of thelloat-cha'mber 24 With the initial pressure'namely, ytoljtheV compressedbe read-ily? understood. A. v y

In the `foregoing discussion "its, has beenA assumed that the stems 22 in Fig"1'and 49'v in Fig. 2, during the 4normal .automatic action'of the carbureter ,Were held against 4 such holding may be effected in either case by av set-screw 54 adaptedr to fit any one of a. number of grooves v55v in vthe stem, which( permit 'rotation of said stem. If, however, :the upward diaphragm' 18, which takes place When the valve 15 vopens to admit a greater flow of air,is permitted v(in Fig. 1) to raise the stem 22, they latter will carry With it the spindle 40 (through friction and diminishy "the tension of SpringA 43'- diaphragm `34l is decreased,

f whichv diminishes the air-choke at valve 33 automatic, ment shown in Fig. l, by merely loosening andl'by lessening the motive pressure on the gasolene it tends to diminish the -relative 35 quantity of 4gasolene per strokeat increased engine speeds. The Aaction 'in such a case is andv is: secured 1n the arrangethe set-screw' 50 and making of A22 a floatingstem or spindle. The uplifting of valve 15 'by diaphragm 18 is then'not subjected to the limitation .of spring' 20, since it and the other. immediately relatedfpartsfare set afloat, `together with spindle '22, bythe freeing of, said spindle, but valve 15 is controlled simply bythe Weight l,of its connectec parts, or, it may be, by spring56 which is not'interrelated to spring 43, or by hand. In this Way the air-'choke at Vvalve 15 may bemade anything desired, thedfferential pressure on diaphragm 34 varying the while, according to the high or 10W position ofvalve 15, as above made plain. y

. In Fig. 2 the automatic adjustment of rod 49 permitted by loosening set screw 54 secures, as respects spring 43 and its function, a result just the opposite from that described above; namely, With a freeing of rod 49a Wider opening of valve 15 increases movements ofthe air-valve. Whether the one adjustmentor theother shall be used depends largely on the conditions of operation, Which are diflicult to meet for all services with a single instrument. It is' often a matter of the operators choice, Whether there shall be a relative increasein fuel. feeding effect at high air-velocities' or a relative decrease, or..neither. IThe adjustmentwhich I have just described renders it optional with the operator to vary the normal law of the carbureter at Will. v

In both Fig. l and Fig. 2, the floating stem' or rod is yieldingly centralized by opypositelyacting springs, namely, 45 and 56 1n Fig. 1 and 52' and 57 in Fig. 2, acting against fixed abutments at their remote ends and against an adjustable nut 58 lbetween them; v

Where a volatile fluid is used, it Will be noted that the air passing through the floatchambe' 24 becomes partly charged With fuel vapor, so that the engine obtains mixture by surface of thejet, thus conducingto an easy start and a proper mixture at low speeds when the suction is Weak. i

v Without any .variation in structural principle, my described invention may be applied as a mixer for other gaseous fluids and liquids thanair and liqzuid fuel, and I there-` fore employ the Word .ggas4 to include the various aeriform fl'uidsL The, terms initial and terminal employed herein, refer to the pressures anterior and posterior to valve 15, whose tendency, as 'already stated, is yto maintain a constant choke or [pressure reduction on the fluid flowing past it, the amount of this reduction being determined bythe tension of spring 20 and the Weight'of the moving parts, and being independent of the absoluteamount of the anterior pressure. The intermediate pressure' referred to,is that maintained in float-chamber 24, which is a'mea'n between lthe anterlor and posterior pressures.

By arbitrarily adjusting the pressure of spring 2O in either form of my invention, the valve 15 may, as previously stated, be caused to control the density of the mixture in chamber 13 and thus to indirectly exercise the function performed by the ordinary' posterior throttle-valve located 'directly in the path of the mixture, the valve attached to diaphragm 34 meanwhile maintaining at all. degrees .of mixing-chamber vacuum, a

Working preponderance of air'pressure-in ,A

24, the amount of which j the float-chamber I is subject to variation at Will by the arbitrary adjustment of the out disturbance of the combustible ratio `of air and fuel may extend. throughoutv the usual range of engine-pipe pressure or carburation independently pressure of spring 43 through the medium offnut )b' viously this control of mixture density With- Y i vacuum, wh'ch in the ordinary motor governed on the constant-mixture 'throttling plan 'may often amount to several pounds of vacuum per square inch. Amongthe several advantages arising from'this mode lof' contro'l are,A first, the removal of the obstruction caused by-the ordinary posterior throttle,

' i lling the fuel whenever desired;and fourthly,

J by means of ava-Ive or shutter which may be arbitrarily'adjusted and is sometimes 1n-.

air-.passage adjacent ,to the' fue but such prior devices have been, so .far as I. am aware, merecarburetingexpedients de-A V which latter has a tendency to separate the imperfectly', Vaporized fuel "particles from the air; secondly, the removal from the surfaceV ofl these particles, immediately; on theirl issuance from. the jet-nozzle, of a. portion of .the atmospheric pressurel proportionatel to the choking' eHect Vof Valvel5, whereby their instant 'vaporization is promoted.; thirdly, thel largely increased difference .between float-chamber and mixing-'chamber pressures which is lmade available for use in propelthe possibility'of introduc'ingjthe.air-supply 'to the'inixing-chamber from any source and any desired pressure. without disturbing :the fuel and air' ratio.

I am aware thatit has been proposed lcontrol the primary air-inlet of a carbureter terconnected with a posterior throttle-valve, and also to connect the'air-space of the floatchamber through .a duct with af oint in the -jet-l nozzle,

signed to control the ratio of fuel to'air and I do not 4claim the exclusive use of such de- "fvices unless's'o combined with a fuel-reservoir ressure-'controller'as to alord the-:de -4 scribed mode `^of.- anterior throttle ,governing, or unless, ,Without regard to the' inode'of governing, themixer is provided with` the described automatic devices or 1their equivalentsfor obtaining consta'nc or controllability in .tliemixture of t e' liquid and. gaseous ingredients.

1. A "gas liquid-mixer comprising mixing chamber'havin-g aliquid-spray Jet'- .mediateefilux from said nozzle,

nozzle, Ja` source of `liquid-supply connected with said nozzle, a conical, valve-seat ,sur-v rounding a gaseous-Huid inlet tosaidchamber and adapted to direct a' convergent liqgaseous current upon the inia valve' preldisposed to close 4againstfsaid seat in thedirection' of 4flow therethrough, and a septum iiidatomizing attached to the.' valve and 'subject in the. di. f'

rection of valve-closure to the gaseous pressure in said mixing-chamber,and in the op` positie-direction to the gaseous pressure anterior'to the/valve. l l

2. A, carbureterlcomprising a mixing chamber having lan atmospheric air inlet .and a spray-nozzle, a' chamber for supplying'4 fuel to .the nozzle, means for maintainingv a constant level in said fuel-chamber', an airin saidupper space.

passage between said chambers for communicating the mixing-chamber Vacuum to the surface of the fuel in the fuel-chamber, an atmospheric air-inlet to said fuel-cham? bei', 'gand independently adjustable valves for regulating the 'size of said vacuum air- -passae and said air-inlet. y

suction carbureter comprising a mixing chamber having air and fuel inlets and a mixture outlet, a liquid-fuel chamber su plyingsaid fuel 'inlet and having a constan level device, said fuel-chamberhaving its upper space in communication with themixture-outlet, -and mechanism controlled 4automatically by the vacuum' in the mixtureoutlet forlvarying the Afuel-,feeding pressure 4. A carbureter comprising aI mixingchamber having a primary-air inlet, a fuel" inlet and a vmixture outlet, a fuel-reservoir connected 'with said fuel inlet, means for carrying a secondary air-current 4through -s'aid fuel,'reser.voir to the mixing-chamber,

.and means for concurrently 'varying the p rimary-airinlet and the air pressure inthe fuel reservoir.'

5. yAnaspirating carbureter comprising a mixing-'chamber having a primary-air inlet, a fuel inlet and a mixture outlet,.a fuel.-

-reservoir in connection with the fuel inlet, means -for carryingI a secondaryfair-current through vsaid fuel-reservoir to the` mixin chamber, and connected valves'l for simu -taneously varying' thepri-niary and secondary air liows. 6 .1 A '-carbureter com risin a mixing chamber having an air-in et an a fuel-inlet a. 'squid-fusi Chamber connected with said fuel-inlet, a passage-:connecting the mixin 'chamber .withthe air-space above the fue in the fuel chamber, an` air inlet to said 4fuel chamber, land means controlled by the'preS.-

'sure in the mixing-chamberfor automatically varying the size ofsaid connecting pass'ae.

8.- A gas and liquid' 'iixer comprisinga mixing-chamber, v

liquid-.discharge and gas-discharge outlets' to said mixing-chamber and "a Agas-inlet, a' l 'valve controlling the gas-discharge outlet between' saidA chambers, and a 4diaphragm 'subject1 on opposite sides to the pressures of said chambers and controllingsaid valve.

.' 9. `Agas Vand liquid mixer comprising a f mixing-chamber having a gas-inlet, a liquidy l carbureter comprising a mixing chamber having a main-air-inlet and .afuelaV liquid-chamber having A chamber having liquid-discharge and gasv on opposite sides to the pressures in the lastdischarge outlets to the mixing-chamber and an adjustable gas-inlet, and mean con- -v trolled differentially by the pressures in` said chambers for varying the gas-outlet.

10. A gas and liquid mixer comprising a mixing-chamber having a main gas-throttle i and a liquid-inlet, an initial-pressure chamber antecedent to said mixing-chamber and communicatingtherewith past said gas- -throttle, a liquid-chamber for supplying said liquid-inlet, means to establish a gaseous pressure insaid liquid-chamber intermediate between:.theinitial pressure andthe mixing-chamber pressure, and means inter-contermediatepressure.

11. A gas 'and liquid mixer comprising a .terminal-pressure mixing-chamber, an antecedent initial-pressure gas-chamber, anautomatic throttle-valve controlling the passage .between said chambers, a' liquid reservoir having its outlet in said mixing-chamnected with the throttle for varying the invber, means for applying gaseous pressure in said reservoir to force the liquid into the mixing-chamber, means to arbitrarily adjust lthe constriction. afforded by the automatic throttle-valve, and means to vary the liquidforcing gaseous pressure conformably therewith.

- 12. A gas-and liquid mixer comprising a mixing-chamber, an antecedent gas-chamber, a liquid-chamber having a liquid-outlet to the mixing-chamber, an automatic throttlevalve between Athe mixing-chamber and the antecedent chamber controlled differentially by the -pressures in the respective chambers,

' a passage between the liquid-chamber' and the mixing-chamber, a discharge-valve controlling said passage and controlled differentially by the pressures in the said cham-Y bers, springs controlling said valves and actying with the ressure in themixing-chamber, and means or reciprocally adjusting the tension of said springs.

13. A gas and' liquid mixer comprising a mixingchamber having a gas entrance, a liquid-chamber having a liquid-outlet to the mixing-chamber, and a gas-outlet thereto for relieving the motive pressure on the liquid, a diaphragm having means for controlling the gas-entrance to the mixing-chamber and subject on opposite sides 'to the pressure in said chamber and the antecedent pressure, a second diaphragm havinor 'means' for controlling the gas-entrance Iroml the liquidchamber to the mixing-'chamber and subject said'chambers, springs acting on said dia-.r

phrag'ms in aid of the pressure in the mixing-chamber, and means for simultaneously 'and reciprocally adjusting the tension fof the 'mixing-chamber having inlet and koutlet for the ygas and inlet for the liquid, a throttle- Valve controlling the gas-inlet and-automatically controlled by the pressure in the mixing-chamber and the pressure antecedent thereto, means for establishing a gaseousmotive pressure on the liquidfor forcingit toward the mixing-chamber, and means for automatically controlling said motive pres`V l sure by the pressure in said mixing-chamber. 15. A suction carbureter comprising a mixingv chamber having an air inlet, a

throttle-valve controlling said inlet andhav-jy ing its opening varied automaticallyby, the 1 vacuum in said chamber, means for :feeding f i liquid fuel to said chamber by the-air pres'l sure, and means mechanically,controlled.by

the` automatic movements of sidg'throttle--,- valve for varying the forceJ O-theNeeding# pressure.

16. A gas and liquid mixericomprisingfal-y y mixing-chamber having a liquid inlet, means' to maintain a poolof liquid for suppl ing f I said inlet, means to establisha gaseous eeding pressure upon .said pool, a valve controlling said pressure, a spring-tending to close the valve," a throttle-valve controlling thev1 pressure in said mixing-chamber, and means whereby the variable'opening'of saidthrottle.

valve varies the tension of said spring..

17. In a vapor carbureter operated by motor suction, the combination of a liquid-'fuel reservoir, means for aspirating the fuel 1 said reservoir by the passage of thesutionff' air-current, a throttle-valve controlling the air-current at a point anterior to the mixing ioo' point, means for maintaining a working preponderance of air-pressure in said fuelreservoir at all degrees of mixing-chamber vacuum, and means for adjusting at will the amount of said pressure preponderance.

' In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses, the 19th day-of June 1906f j EDWARD-P. NOYES.

' Witnessesz ARTHUR I-I. BROWN, B. W. GLovER.- 

